2607.25857v1 Jul 28, 2026 cs.CL

Shieldstral: 정책 적응형 다중 모드 안전 분류기

Shieldstral

Thibaut Lavril
Thibaut Lavril
Citations: 46,541
h-index: 20
Timothée Lacroix
Timothée Lacroix
Citations: 28,308
h-index: 15
Baptiste Rozière
Baptiste Rozière
Citations: 26,660
h-index: 21
Guillaume Lample
Guillaume Lample
Citations: 43,872
h-index: 29
Ziyun Zhang
Ziyun Zhang
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Diego de Las Casas
Diego de Las Casas
Citations: 18,389
h-index: 13
Olivier Duchenne
Olivier Duchenne
Citations: 17,932
h-index: 14
Romain Sauvestre
Romain Sauvestre
Citations: 16,558
h-index: 10
Shrimai Prabhumoye
Shrimai Prabhumoye
Citations: 7,098
h-index: 23
Morgane Rivière
Morgane Rivière
Citations: 6,249
h-index: 6
Andrew Zhao
Andrew Zhao
Tsinghua University
Citations: 2,473
h-index: 12
Abdelaziz Bounhar
Abdelaziz Bounhar
Citations: 35
h-index: 3
Jean-Malo Delignon
Jean-Malo Delignon
Citations: 61
h-index: 3
Patrick von Platen
Patrick von Platen
Citations: 9,863
h-index: 17
Sanchit Gandhi
Sanchit Gandhi
Citations: 3,277
h-index: 8
Sandeep Subramanian
Sandeep Subramanian
Citations: 2,166
h-index: 5
Soham Ghosh
Soham Ghosh
Citations: 95
h-index: 4
Srijan Mishra
Srijan Mishra
Citations: 102
h-index: 5
Alan Jeffares
Alan Jeffares
Citations: 223
h-index: 9
Albert Q. Jiang
Albert Q. Jiang
Citations: 2,796
h-index: 11
Alexandre Sablayrolles
Alexandre Sablayrolles
Citations: 6,054
h-index: 13
Angele Lenglemetz
Angele Lenglemetz
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Anmol Agarwal
Anmol Agarwal
Citations: 62
h-index: 3
Antonia Calvi
Antonia Calvi
Citations: 62
h-index: 2
Baptiste Bout
Baptiste Bout
Citations: 99
h-index: 4
Baudouin De Monicault
Baudouin De Monicault
Citations: 96
h-index: 4
Benjamin Tibi
Benjamin Tibi
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Clémence Lanfranchi
Clémence Lanfranchi
Citations: 105
h-index: 5
Corentin Barreau
Corentin Barreau
Citations: 67
h-index: 3
Corentin Sautier
Corentin Sautier
ENPC
Citations: 334
h-index: 5
Cyprien Courtot
Cyprien Courtot
Citations: 39
h-index: 2
Darius Dabert
Darius Dabert
Citations: 87
h-index: 3
Elliot Chane-Sane
Elliot Chane-Sane
Citations: 180
h-index: 7
Federico Baldassarre
Federico Baldassarre
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Gabrielle Berrada
Gabrielle Berrada
Citations: 103
h-index: 5
Gaetan Ecrepont
Gaetan Ecrepont
Citations: 37
h-index: 2
Gauthier Guinet
Gauthier Guinet
Citations: 113
h-index: 5
G. Hayes
G. Hayes
Citations: 17
h-index: 2
Georgii Sergeevich Novikov
Georgii Sergeevich Novikov
Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology
Citations: 160
h-index: 6
Guillaume Martin
Guillaume Martin
Citations: 50
h-index: 2
Gunjan Dhanuka
Gunjan Dhanuka
Citations: 7
h-index: 2
Gunshi Gupta
Gunshi Gupta
Citations: 284
h-index: 7
Indraneel Mukherjee
Indraneel Mukherjee
Citations: 303
h-index: 6
Jan Ludziejewski
Jan Ludziejewski
Citations: 398
h-index: 7
Jason Rute
Jason Rute
Citations: 135
h-index: 6
Joachim Studnia
Joachim Studnia
Citations: 255
h-index: 5
Jonas Amar
Jonas Amar
Citations: 50
h-index: 2
Julien Tauran
Julien Tauran
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Kartik Khandelwal
Kartik Khandelwal
Citations: 108
h-index: 5
Kush Jain
Kush Jain
Citations: 104
h-index: 5
Laurence Aitchison
Laurence Aitchison
Citations: 173
h-index: 6
Lingxiao Zhao
Lingxiao Zhao
Citations: 382
h-index: 6
L. Martin
L. Martin
Citations: 205
h-index: 3
Lucile Saulnier
Lucile Saulnier
Citations: 9,548
h-index: 13
M. Buyl
M. Buyl
Citations: 426
h-index: 11
Margaret Jennings
Margaret Jennings
Citations: 37
h-index: 2
Mathieu Poir'ee
Mathieu Poir'ee
Citations: 37
h-index: 2
Mathilde Guillaumin
Mathilde Guillaumin
Citations: 96
h-index: 4
Matthieu Dinot
Matthieu Dinot
Citations: 116
h-index: 5
Matthieu Futeral
Matthieu Futeral
Citations: 150
h-index: 5
Maxime Darrin
Maxime Darrin
Citations: 137
h-index: 7
Maximilian Augustin
Maximilian Augustin
Citations: 50
h-index: 2
Mert Unsal
Mert Unsal
Citations: 183
h-index: 4
Mia Chiquier
Mia Chiquier
Citations: 93
h-index: 5
Nathan Grinsztajn
Nathan Grinsztajn
Citations: 645
h-index: 12
Patricia Wang
Patricia Wang
Citations: 132
h-index: 5
Paul Jacob
Paul Jacob
Citations: 270
h-index: 6
P. Wambergue
P. Wambergue
Citations: 101
h-index: 5
Paula Kurylowicz
Paula Kurylowicz
Citations: 133
h-index: 6
Philomène Chagniot
Philomène Chagniot
Citations: 101
h-index: 4
Pierre Stock
Pierre Stock
Citations: 5,817
h-index: 9
Piotr Milo's
Piotr Milo's
Citations: 36
h-index: 2
Pravesh Agrawal
Pravesh Agrawal
Citations: 234
h-index: 4
Quentin Torroba
Quentin Torroba
Citations: 37
h-index: 2
Ram Ramrakhya
Ram Ramrakhya
Citations: 230
h-index: 8
Roman Soletskyi
Roman Soletskyi
Citations: 574
h-index: 8
R. Millner
R. Millner
Citations: 30
h-index: 2
S. Vaze
S. Vaze
Citations: 2,043
h-index: 15
Samuel Humeau
Samuel Humeau
Citations: 2,069
h-index: 15
Siddharth Gandhi
Siddharth Gandhi
Citations: 146
h-index: 6
Sumukh Aithal
Sumukh Aithal
Citations: 102
h-index: 5
Szymon Antoniak
Szymon Antoniak
Citations: 2,397
h-index: 7
Teven Le Scao
Teven Le Scao
Citations: 18,120
h-index: 22
Théo Cachet
Théo Cachet
Citations: 62
h-index: 3
Thomas Chabal
Thomas Chabal
Citations: 81
h-index: 3
Thomas Foubert
Thomas Foubert
Citations: 96
h-index: 4
Thomas Robert
Thomas Robert
Citations: 50
h-index: 2
Thomas Wang
Thomas Wang
Citations: 2,200
h-index: 6
Tim Lawson
Tim Lawson
University of Bristol
Citations: 99
h-index: 5
Tom Bewley
Tom Bewley
Citations: 118
h-index: 6
Tom Edwards
Tom Edwards
Citations: 37
h-index: 2
T. Wang
T. Wang
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Vedant Nanda
Vedant Nanda
Citations: 400
h-index: 9
Victor Jouault
Victor Jouault
Citations: 37
h-index: 2
Virgile Richard
Virgile Richard
Citations: 96
h-index: 4
Vladislav V. Bataev
Vladislav V. Bataev
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Wassim Bouaziz
Wassim Bouaziz
Citations: 574
h-index: 5
William Marshall
William Marshall
Citations: 241
h-index: 5
Xinghui Li
Xinghui Li
Citations: 39
h-index: 2
Xingran Guo
Xingran Guo
Citations: 11
h-index: 2
Xinyu Yang
Xinyu Yang
Citations: 405
h-index: 9
Zaccharie Ramzi
Zaccharie Ramzi
Citations: 768
h-index: 13
Zhenlin Xu
Zhenlin Xu
Citations: 71
h-index: 4
T. K. Vangani
T. K. Vangani
Citations: 22
h-index: 4
Laurent Callot
Laurent Callot
Citations: 103
h-index: 3
John Harvill
John Harvill
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Citations: 141
h-index: 7
Khyathi Raghavi Chandu
Khyathi Raghavi Chandu
Citations: 3,804
h-index: 23
Rohin Arora
Rohin Arora
Citations: 43
h-index: 1
Adrien Sad'e
Adrien Sad'e
Citations: 62
h-index: 2
Alexandre Cahill
Alexandre Cahill
Citations: 35
h-index: 1
A. Gavaudan
A. Gavaudan
Citations: 36
h-index: 1
Amos You
Amos You
Citations: 60
h-index: 3
Arjun Majumdar
Arjun Majumdar
Citations: 2,619
h-index: 15
A. Fournier
A. Fournier
Citations: 17
h-index: 2
Artjom Joosen
Artjom Joosen
Citations: 163
h-index: 6
Avinash Sooriyarachchi
Avinash Sooriyarachchi
Citations: 36
h-index: 1
E. Demyanenko
E. Demyanenko
Citations: 43
h-index: 2
Etienne Goffinet
Etienne Goffinet
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Faruk Ahmed
Faruk Ahmed
Citations: 3,238
h-index: 1
Giada Pistilli
Giada Pistilli
Citations: 14
h-index: 2
Guillaume Kunsch
Guillaume Kunsch
Citations: 121
h-index: 3
Guillaume Raille
Guillaume Raille
Citations: 315
h-index: 2
Harshil Shah
Harshil Shah
University College London
Citations: 100
h-index: 4
Hope McGovern
Hope McGovern
Citations: 80
h-index: 3
Hugo Thimonier
Hugo Thimonier
Citations: 74
h-index: 6
Jacques Sun
Jacques Sun
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Joséphine Delas
Joséphine Delas
Citations: 82
h-index: 4
Kilian Tep
Kilian Tep
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Laurent Fainsin
Laurent Fainsin
Citations: 35
h-index: 1
M. Alexandre
M. Alexandre
Citations: 4
h-index: 1
Mathieu Schmitt
Mathieu Schmitt
Citations: 4
h-index: 1
Mikhail Biriuchinskii
Mikhail Biriuchinskii
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Minh-Quang Pham
Minh-Quang Pham
Citations: 21
h-index: 3
Neha Gupta
Neha Gupta
Citations: 48
h-index: 2
O. Bousquet
O. Bousquet
Citations: 28,443
h-index: 56
Philippe Pinel
Philippe Pinel
Citations: 211
h-index: 1
R. Isenhour
R. Isenhour
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
R. Menneer
R. Menneer
Citations: 36
h-index: 1
Samuel Barry
Samuel Barry
Citations: 48
h-index: 2
Samuel Belkadi
Samuel Belkadi
Citations: 59
h-index: 5
S. Cha
S. Cha
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Shashwat Verma
Shashwat Verma
Citations: 54
h-index: 3
Siddhant Waghjale
Siddhant Waghjale
Citations: 65
h-index: 2
Simon Lepage
Simon Lepage
CRITEO AI Lab
Citations: 8
h-index: 2
Umar Jamil
Umar Jamil
Citations: 66
h-index: 3
Umberto M. Tomasini
Umberto M. Tomasini
EPFL
Citations: 151
h-index: 6
V. Maladière
V. Maladière
Citations: 45
h-index: 3
V. Pfister
V. Pfister
Citations: 52
h-index: 2
William Havard
William Havard
Citations: 2
h-index: 1
Yassine El Ouahidi
Yassine El Ouahidi
Citations: 99
h-index: 4
Yassir Bendou
Yassir Bendou
Citations: 129
h-index: 3
Prateek Gupta
Prateek Gupta
Citations: 584
h-index: 9
Sarthak Mittal
Sarthak Mittal
Citations: 1,037
h-index: 16
Mauro Comi
Mauro Comi
Citations: 103
h-index: 6
V. Phụng
V. Phụng
Citations: 39
h-index: 2
Maximilian R. Müller
Maximilian R. Müller
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Tianyue Zhang
Tianyue Zhang
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
A. Héliou
A. Héliou
Citations: 397
h-index: 9
Yimu Pan
Yimu Pan
Citations: 74
h-index: 3
Abhijeet Somani
Abhijeet Somani
Citations: 1
h-index: 1
Aditi Kabra
Aditi Kabra
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
A. Valente
A. Valente
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Adrien Petralia
Adrien Petralia
Citations: 40
h-index: 3
Aleksandr Timashov
Aleksandr Timashov
Citations: 1
h-index: 1
Alexandre Laval
Alexandre Laval
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Andr'e Jonasson
Andr'e Jonasson
Citations: 1
h-index: 1
Andrew Bai
Andrew Bai
Citations: 243
h-index: 5
Andrew Ehrenberg
Andrew Ehrenberg
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Arata Suzuki
Arata Suzuki
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
A. Akkus
A. Akkus
Citations: 9
h-index: 1
Aysenur Karaduman
Aysenur Karaduman
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Benjamin Holzschuh
Benjamin Holzschuh
Citations: 85
h-index: 5
Benjamin Lefaudeux
Benjamin Lefaudeux
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Bernhard Stadlbauer
Bernhard Stadlbauer
Citations: 3
h-index: 1
B. Osinski
B. Osinski
Citations: 2,271
h-index: 8
Camille Le Scao
Camille Le Scao
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Chao Yu
Chao Yu
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Charlotte Cronjäger
Charlotte Cronjäger
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Chengyao Sun
Chengyao Sun
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Chris Bamford
Chris Bamford
Citations: 5,708
h-index: 9
Christian Wallenwein
Christian Wallenwein
Citations: 60
h-index: 3
Christophe Renaudin
Christophe Renaudin
Citations: 78
h-index: 4
Cristiana-Diana Diaconu
Cristiana-Diana Diaconu
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Daniel Marczak
Daniel Marczak
Citations: 208
h-index: 6
Dr. J. Nuss
Dr. J. Nuss
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Dylan Rubini
Dylan Rubini
Citations: 33
h-index: 3
Dzmitry Soupel
Dzmitry Soupel
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Emilie Fugier
Emilie Fugier
Citations: 46
h-index: 2
E. Gottlob
E. Gottlob
Citations: 34
h-index: 4
E. Aas
E. Aas
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Etienne Millon
Etienne Millon
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
E. Choi
E. Choi
Citations: 164
h-index: 8
Fabian Paischer
Fabian Paischer
Citations: 269
h-index: 7
F. Schlager
F. Schlager
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Filip Szatkowski
Filip Szatkowski
Citations: 112
h-index: 5
Florian Wiesner
Florian Wiesner
Citations: 73
h-index: 5
Gaétan Lepage
Gaétan Lepage
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Gaspard Blanchet
Gaspard Blanchet
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Gaspard Donada-Vidal
Gaspard Donada-Vidal
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
G. Delerce
G. Delerce
Citations: 299
h-index: 4
G. Galletti
G. Galletti
Citations: 72
h-index: 5
Guillaume Breton
Guillaume Breton
Citations: 1
h-index: 1
Han Zhou
Han Zhou
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Hasan Furkan Vural
Hasan Furkan Vural
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Hédi Hadiji
Hédi Hadiji
Citations: 140
h-index: 7
Hugo Cisneros
Hugo Cisneros
Citations: 36
h-index: 3
Ivan Salazar
Ivan Salazar
Citations: 20
h-index: 1
Jean Quentin
Jean Quentin
Citations: 92
h-index: 1
Jean-Hadrien Chabran
Jean-Hadrien Chabran
Citations: 59
h-index: 3
Jie Zhang
Jie Zhang
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Joep Barmentlo
Joep Barmentlo
Citations: 59
h-index: 3
Johannes Brandstetter
Johannes Brandstetter
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Jonas Schweizer
Jonas Schweizer
Citations: 73
h-index: 2
Josselin Somerville
Josselin Somerville
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Julien Denize
Julien Denize
Citations: 29
h-index: 1
Larissa Laich
Larissa Laich
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Laura Calem
Laura Calem
Citations: 3
h-index: 1
Léo Cotteleer
Léo Cotteleer
Citations: 4
h-index: 1
Léonard Blier
Léonard Blier
Citations: 46
h-index: 2
Louis Serrano
Louis Serrano
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Ludovic Ho Fuh
Ludovic Ho Fuh
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Luis Montero
Luis Montero
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Manon Chossegros
Manon Chossegros
Citations: 15
h-index: 2
Marcin Możejko
Marcin Możejko
Citations: 194
h-index: 5
Markus Hennerbichler
Markus Hennerbichler
Citations: 8
h-index: 1
M. Andre
M. Andre
Citations: 4
h-index: 1
Maurits J. R. Bleeker
Maurits J. R. Bleeker
Citations: 302
h-index: 10
Max Mynter
Max Mynter
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Maxim Berman
Maxim Berman
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Maxime Louis
Maxime Louis
Citations: 22
h-index: 2
M. Laimon
M. Laimon
Citations: 466
h-index: 9
M. Pilcer
M. Pilcer
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Michal Pietruszka
Michal Pietruszka
Citations: 479
h-index: 7
Michal Zajac
Michal Zajac
Citations: 15
h-index: 3
Minwook Kang
Minwook Kang
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Namit Katariya
Namit Katariya
Citations: 424
h-index: 6
Nathan Simpson
Nathan Simpson
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Neeraj Aggarwal
Neeraj Aggarwal
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Ola Mysiak
Ola Mysiak
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Oliver Leicht
Oliver Leicht
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Parag Jain
Parag Jain
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
P. Blies
P. Blies
Citations: 124
h-index: 6
Pavan Kumar Reddy
Pavan Kumar Reddy
Citations: 9
h-index: 2
Pavel P. Kuksa
Pavel P. Kuksa
Citations: 11,909
h-index: 20
Pierre-André Savalle
Pierre-André Savalle
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Quentin Desreumaux
Quentin Desreumaux
Citations: 13
h-index: 1
Quercus Hernandez
Quercus Hernandez
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Ranjit Parva
Ranjit Parva
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Raúl P. Peláez
Raúl P. Peláez
Citations: 548
h-index: 6
Reinhard Sonnleitner
Reinhard Sonnleitner
Citations: 37
h-index: 1
Rémi Delacourt
Rémi Delacourt
Citations: 108
h-index: 6
Richard Kurle
Richard Kurle
Citations: 23
h-index: 3
Rishi Shah
Rishi Shah
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Rob Romijnders
Rob Romijnders
Citations: 951
h-index: 8
Saskia Adaime
Saskia Adaime
Citations: 14
h-index: 1
Sebastian Kaltenbach
Sebastian Kaltenbach
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Shashwat Dalal
Shashwat Dalal
Citations: 59
h-index: 3
S.M. Waly
S.M. Waly
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Simon Sorg
Simon Sorg
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Sophie Marbach
Sophie Marbach
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Stanislas Lange
Stanislas Lange
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Steve Hong
Steve Hong
Citations: 3
h-index: 1
Thomas Coste
Thomas Coste
Citations: 323
h-index: 5
Thomas Defard
Thomas Defard
Citations: 1,414
h-index: 3
T. Kronlachner
T. Kronlachner
Citations: 66
h-index: 4
Tomas Hodan
Tomas Hodan
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Tuhin Das
Tuhin Das
Citations: 11
h-index: 1
Ulrick Ble
Ulrick Ble
Citations: 28
h-index: 2
Valentin Macé
Valentin Macé
Citations: 29
h-index: 1
Victor Letzelter
Victor Letzelter
Citations: 54
h-index: 5
Victor Paltz
Victor Paltz
Citations: 59
h-index: 3
Victor Poucheret
Victor Poucheret
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
W. Li
W. Li
Citations: 0
h-index: 0
Yann Drèze
Yann Drèze
Citations: 11
h-index: 2
Yves Martin des Taillades
Yves Martin des Taillades
Citations: 6
h-index: 1
Zsofia Csakany
Zsofia Csakany
Citations: 0
h-index: 0

본 논문에서는 Shieldstral을 소개합니다. Shieldstral은 30억 개의 파라미터를 가진 정책 적응형 다중 모드 안전 분류기로, 텍스트 안전성 평가에서 거의 7배 더 큰 모델과 동등하거나 뛰어난 성능을 보이며, 다중 모드 안전 분류 분야에서 새로운 최고 수준의 성능을 달성합니다. Shieldstral은 콘텐츠 검열을 이진 질문-답변 문제로 정의합니다. 이러한 간단한 접근 방식을 통해 다양한 검열 작업을 하나의 '예/아니오' 문제로 통합하여, 서로 다른 분류 체계를 가진 다양한 안전 데이터 세트를 단일 학습 프레임워크 내에서 통합할 수 있습니다. 본 논문에서는 약 5억 4천만 개의 샘플을 포함하는 데이터 구축 방법을 제시하며, 정책 적응성을 평가하기 위한 상세한 평가 세트도 제공합니다. 이러한 요소들이 결합되어, 작은 크기의 적응형 모델이 훨씬 더 큰 모델과 동등하거나 뛰어난 성능을 발휘할 수 있도록 합니다.

Original Abstract

We introduce Shieldstral, a 3B-parameter policy-adaptive multimodal safety classifier that matches or outperforms models nearly 7$\times$ its size on text safety benchmarks and sets a new state of the art on multimodal safety classification. Shieldstral formulates content moderation as a binary question-answering task. This simple formulation unifies diverse moderation tasks into a single yes/no problem, enabling heterogeneous safety datasets with divergent taxonomies to be consolidated under one training framework. We present the data construction recipe, covering curation and generation of approximately 54.1M samples and a fine-grained evaluation set to evaluate policy adaptability. Together, these enable a small adaptive model to match or outperform much larger models.

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