2512.02556 Dec 02, 2025 cs.AI

DeepSeek-V3.2: 오픈 거대 언어 모델의 최전선을 확장하다

DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Models

DeepSeek-AI

Citations: 8,627

h-index: 4

Dejian Yang

Citations: 11,133

h-index: 11

Haowei Zhang

Citations: 8,985

h-index: 8

Jun-Mei Song

Citations: 14,450

h-index: 10

Ruoyu Zhang

Citations: 8,276

h-index: 6

Qihao Zhu

Citations: 16,093

h-index: 11

Shirong Ma

Citations: 9,725

h-index: 10

Peiyi Wang

Citations: 8,437

h-index: 6

Xiaoling Bi

Citations: 8,245

h-index: 4

Xiaokang Zhang

Citations: 8,279

h-index: 6

Xingkai Yu

Citations: 10,388

h-index: 10

Yu Wu

Citations: 8,721

h-index: 5

Z. F. Wu

Citations: 8,546

h-index: 7

Zhibin Gou

Tsinghua University

Citations: 10,696

h-index: 17

Zhuoshu Li

Citations: 8,958

h-index: 6

Ziyi Gao

Citations: 8,256

h-index: 5

A. Liu

Citations: 9,821

h-index: 8

Bing Xue

Citations: 8,260

h-index: 5

Bing-Li Wang

Citations: 10,519

h-index: 9

Bochao Wu

Citations: 8,258

h-index: 5

B. Feng

Citations: 8,243

h-index: 4

Chengda Lu

Citations: 8,310

h-index: 7

Chenggang Zhao

Citations: 10,249

h-index: 12

C. Deng

Citations: 10,818

h-index: 11

C. Ruan

Citations: 12,769

h-index: 14

Damai Dai

Citations: 9,596

h-index: 11

Deli Chen

Citations: 10,752

h-index: 8

Dong-Li Ji

Citations: 8,246

h-index: 4

Erhang Li

Citations: 8,919

h-index: 5

Fangyun Lin

Citations: 8,923

h-index: 5

Fucong Dai

Citations: 8,243

h-index: 4

Guangbo Hao

Citations: 8,935

h-index: 6

Guanting Chen

Citations: 10,407

h-index: 7

Guowei Li

Citations: 8,932

h-index: 6

H. Zhang

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

Hanwei Xu

Citations: 10,053

h-index: 9

Honghui Ding

Citations: 8,940

h-index: 6

Huazuo Gao

Citations: 10,946

h-index: 12

Hui Li

Citations: 8,257

h-index: 5

Jianzhong Guo

Citations: 8,946

h-index: 6

Jiashi Li

Citations: 10,103

h-index: 10

JingChang Chen

Citations: 8,248

h-index: 4

Jingyang Yuan

Citations: 8,540

h-index: 7

Junjie Qiu

Citations: 8,941

h-index: 6

Junlong Li

Citations: 8,274

h-index: 5

J. Ni

Citations: 8,244

h-index: 4

Jian Liang

Citations: 8,245

h-index: 4

Jin Chen

Citations: 8,258

h-index: 5

Kai Dong

Citations: 11,576

h-index: 10

Kaige Gao

Citations: 8,920

h-index: 5

Kang Guan

Citations: 9,815

h-index: 8

Kexin Huang

Citations: 8,281

h-index: 8

K. Yu

Citations: 8,250

h-index: 5

Lean Wang

Citations: 8,537

h-index: 6

Lecong Zhang

Citations: 8,918

h-index: 5

Liang Zhao

Citations: 9,100

h-index: 8

Litong Wang

Citations: 8,280

h-index: 6

Liyue Zhang

Citations: 9,683

h-index: 10

Lei Xu

Citations: 8,313

h-index: 6

Leyi Xia

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

Mingchuan Zhang

Citations: 13,757

h-index: 7

Minghua Zhang

Citations: 8,246

h-index: 4

Meng Li

Citations: 8,244

h-index: 4

Miaojun Wang

Citations: 8,247

h-index: 4

Mingming Li

Citations: 8,251

h-index: 5

Ning Tian

Citations: 8,266

h-index: 6

Peng Zhang

Citations: 8,268

h-index: 6

Qiancheng Wang

Citations: 8,350

h-index: 6

Qinyu Chen

Citations: 8,658

h-index: 6

Qiushi Du

Citations: 9,496

h-index: 9

Ruiqi Ge

Citations: 8,945

h-index: 6

Ruisong Zhang

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

Ruizhe Pan

Citations: 8,317

h-index: 5

Runji Wang

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

R. J. Chen

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

R. Jin

Citations: 8,246

h-index: 4

Ruyi Chen

Citations: 8,270

h-index: 6

Shanghao Lu

Citations: 8,945

h-index: 7

Shangyan Zhou

Citations: 9,007

h-index: 8

Shanhuang Chen

Citations: 8,939

h-index: 6

Shiyu Wang

Citations: 8,236

h-index: 4

Shuiping Yu

Citations: 8,965

h-index: 7

Shunfeng Zhou

Citations: 8,926

h-index: 5

Shuting Pan

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

S. Li

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Shuang Zhou

Citations: 8,298

h-index: 6

Shao-Kang Wu

Citations: 5,569

h-index: 3

Tao Yun

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Tian Pei

Citations: 8,967

h-index: 7

T. Sun

Citations: 8,243

h-index: 4

Wangding Zeng

Citations: 9,637

h-index: 9

Wen Liu

Citations: 9,688

h-index: 8

W. Liang

Citations: 11,855

h-index: 12

Wenjun Gao

Citations: 9,644

h-index: 10

Wentao Zhang

Citations: 5,608

h-index: 4

Wei An

Citations: 8,263

h-index: 5

Xiaodong Liu

Citations: 8,974

h-index: 7

Xiaohan Wang

Citations: 8,249

h-index: 5

Xiaokang Chen

Citations: 9,703

h-index: 9

X. Nie

Citations: 8,950

h-index: 7

Xin Xie

Citations: 9,816

h-index: 8

Xingchao Liu

Citations: 9,758

h-index: 9

Xinyu Yang

Citations: 8,244

h-index: 4

Xinyuan Li

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

Xuecheng Su

Citations: 8,944

h-index: 6

Xuheng Lin

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

X. Q. Li

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Xiangyu Jin

Citations: 8,379

h-index: 6

Xiaosha Chen

Citations: 8,329

h-index: 5

Xiaowen Sun

Citations: 8,250

h-index: 4

Xinnan Song

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Xinyi Zhou

Citations: 8,236

h-index: 3

Xianzu Wang

Citations: 8,242

h-index: 4

Y. Q. Wang

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Yanhong Xu

Citations: 8,927

h-index: 5

Yao Li

Citations: 17,134

h-index: 7

Yao Zhao

Citations: 8,930

h-index: 5

Yaofeng Sun

Citations: 10,176

h-index: 8

Yaohui Wang

Citations: 9,388

h-index: 7

Yichao Zhang

Citations: 8,263

h-index: 5

Yifan Shi

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Yi Xiong

Citations: 8,277

h-index: 5

Ying He

Citations: 8,322

h-index: 6

Y. Piao

Citations: 9,809

h-index: 7

Yisong Wang

Citations: 8,833

h-index: 6

Yixuan Tan

Citations: 8,268

h-index: 5

Yiyang Ma

Citations: 5,555

h-index: 2

Yiyuan Liu

Citations: 8,926

h-index: 5

Yongqiang Guo

Citations: 8,274

h-index: 5

Y. Ou

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Yuduan Wang

Citations: 8,231

h-index: 3

Yue Gong

Citations: 8,326

h-index: 6

Yunfan Xiong

Citations: 8,300

h-index: 6

Yu-Wei Luo

Citations: 8,256

h-index: 5

Yu-mei You

Citations: 9,779

h-index: 6

Yuxuan Liu

Citations: 8,441

h-index: 6

Yuyang Zhou

Citations: 8,231

h-index: 3

Y. X. Zhu

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Yanping Huang

Citations: 8,304

h-index: 5

Yuchen Zhu

Citations: 8,233

h-index: 4

Yunxiang Ma

Citations: 8,261

h-index: 4

Ying Tang

Citations: 8,231

h-index: 3

Y. Zha

Citations: 8,229

h-index: 3

Z. Ren

Citations: 17,190

h-index: 10

Zhangli Sha

Citations: 8,925

h-index: 5

Zhe Fu

Citations: 9,087

h-index: 7

Zhean Xu

Citations: 8,249

h-index: 4

Zhenda Xie

Citations: 14,098

h-index: 15

Zhen-guo Zhang

Citations: 8,240

h-index: 4

Zhewen Hao

Citations: 9,322

h-index: 6

Zhicheng Ma

Citations: 8,230

h-index: 3

Zhigang Yan

Citations: 8,227

h-index: 3

Zhiyu Wu

Citations: 9,690

h-index: 8

Zihui Gu

Citations: 8,656

h-index: 5

Zijia Zhu

Citations: 8,227

h-index: 3

Ziwei Xie

Citations: 8,925

h-index: 5

Zizheng Pan

Citations: 9,668

h-index: 7

Zhen Huang

Citations: 8,287

h-index: 6

Zhipeng Xu

Citations: 8,227

h-index: 3

Zhongyu Zhang

Citations: 8,253

h-index: 5

Zhen Zhang

Citations: 8,244

h-index: 4

Bowei Zhang

Citations: 421

h-index: 5

Chaofan Lin

Citations: 206

h-index: 1

Chen Dong

Citations: 217

h-index: 2

Chenhao Xu

Citations: 259

h-index: 2

Daya Guo

Citations: 573

h-index: 5

Fangqi Zhou

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Hao Li

Citations: 264

h-index: 3

Haoran Wei

Citations: 342

h-index: 6

Hao-sheng Luo

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Hongxuan Tang

Citations: 370

h-index: 4

Huan Cao

Citations: 322

h-index: 5

Huixian Qu

Citations: 205

h-index: 1

Hui Zeng

Citations: 214

h-index: 3

Jialiang Huang

Citations: 345

h-index: 3

Jiaxin Xu

Citations: 349

h-index: 3

Jiewen Hu

Citations: 272

h-index: 4

Jing Cheng

Citations: 215

h-index: 2

Jinhua Zhu

Citations: 1,582

h-index: 4

Jun Ran

Citations: 211

h-index: 2

Junguang Jiang

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Ke-wei Huang

Citations: 214

h-index: 3

Lei Wang

Citations: 205

h-index: 2

Ling-Li Luo

Citations: 205

h-index: 2

M. Di

Citations: 213

h-index: 2

M. Y. Xu

Citations: 265

h-index: 2

M. Tang

Citations: 938

h-index: 5

Mingxu Zhou

Citations: 211

h-index: 2

P. Huang

Citations: 268

h-index: 4

Peixin Cong

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Qingyang Li

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Ruiling Xu

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Runqiu Yin

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Runxin Xu

Citations: 465

h-index: 6

Ruomeng Shen

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Shaofei Cai

Peking University

Citations: 1,305

h-index: 12

Shaoyuan Chen

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Shengding Hu

Citations: 329

h-index: 3

Shengyu Liu

Citations: 858

h-index: 5

Shiqiang Hu

Citations: 208

h-index: 2

Songyang Zhou

Citations: 322

h-index: 2

Tao Ni

Citations: 210

h-index: 3

Tian Ye

Citations: 224

h-index: 2

Tianyuan Yue

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Wenjing Luo

Citations: 207

h-index: 2

Xiangwen Wang

Citations: 258

h-index: 3

Xin Cheng

Citations: 263

h-index: 6

Xin Liu

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Xu Chen

Citations: 3,516

h-index: 10

Yang Zhang

Citations: 2,330

h-index: 14

Yanru Ma

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Y. Qian

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Yingpu Yu

Citations: 4,076

h-index: 19

Yifan Ding

Citations: 258

h-index: 4

Ying Zhou

Citations: 207

h-index: 2

Yinmin Zhong

Citations: 1,699

h-index: 12

Yixiao Chen

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Yixuan Wei

Citations: 228

h-index: 3

Yongtong Wu

Citations: 208

h-index: 2

Yuan Cheng

Citations: 207

h-index: 2

Yuhan Wu

Citations: 221

h-index: 3

Yu-Hui Zou

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Yukun Li

Citations: 1,148

h-index: 5

Zehua Zhao

Citations: 207

h-index: 2

Zhihong Shao

Citations: 726

h-index: 8

Zhixian Huang

Citations: 227

h-index: 3

Zian Xu

Citations: 220

h-index: 2

Zihao Wang

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Zi-Rui Li

Citations: 209

h-index: 2

J. Cai

Citations: 2,938

h-index: 5

Xiaojin Shen

Citations: 204

h-index: 1

Yi Zheng

Citations: 205

h-index: 2

Shangmian Sun

Citations: 203

h-index: 1

Sheng-Ying Ye

Citations: 205

h-index: 2

T.Wang

Citations: 648

h-index: 3

W. Xiao

Citations: 271

h-index: 5

Xiaoxiang Wang

Citations: 205

h-index: 2

Ze-Na Zhang

Citations: 212

h-index: 2

Zhenghua Ju

Citations: 209

h-index: 2

Z. Qu

Citations: 237

h-index: 3

Aoxue Mei

Citations: 213

h-index: 2

B. Lin

Citations: 216

h-index: 2

Bin Xu

Citations: 3,809

h-index: 11

Ji Xiang

Citations: 209

h-index: 2

Liangsheng Yin

Citations: 831

h-index: 4

Lihua Guo

Citations: 208

h-index: 2

Lin Ma

Citations: 233

h-index: 4

S. Liu

Citations: 250

h-index: 5

Wenjie Pang

Citations: 350

h-index: 5

Xi Gao

Citations: 366

h-index: 4

Xingyou Li

Citations: 213

h-index: 3

Xu Fu

Citations: 214

h-index: 2

Zipeng Zhang

Citations: 320

h-index: 5

Hao Liang

Citations: 554

h-index: 10

Haozhe Ji

Citations: 956

h-index: 11

Kexin Zhou

Citations: 321

h-index: 6

Yong Yang

Citations: 296

h-index: 6

Yuanfang Xu

Citations: 206

h-index: 2

Zhuping Zhang

Citations: 222

h-index: 3

Z. Yao

Citations: 210

h-index: 2

Xuehai Pan

Citations: 3,275

h-index: 13

우리는 높은 계산 효율성과 뛰어난 추론 및 에이전트 성능을 조화시킨 모델인 DeepSeek-V3.2를 소개합니다. DeepSeek-V3.2의 주요 기술적 혁신은 다음과 같습니다. (1) DeepSeek 희소 어텐션(DSA): 긴 문맥 시나리오에서 모델 성능을 유지하면서 계산 복잡도를 대폭 줄이는 효율적인 어텐션 메커니즘인 DSA를 도입합니다. (2) 확장 가능한 강화 학습 프레임워크: 강력한 강화 학습 프로토콜을 구현하고 사후 학습(post-training) 연산량을 확장함으로써, DeepSeek-V3.2는 GPT-5와 대등한 성능을 발휘합니다. 특히 고연산 변형 모델인 DeepSeek-V3.2-Speciale는 GPT-5를 능가하며 Gemini-3.0-Pro와 동등한 수준의 추론 능력을 보여주어, 2025 국제수학올림피아드(IMO)와 국제정보올림피아드(IOI)에서 모두 금메달급 성적을 달성했습니다. (3) 대규모 에이전트 작업 합성 파이프라인: 추론을 도구 사용 시나리오에 통합하기 위해 훈련 데이터를 대규모로 체계적으로 생성하는 새로운 합성 파이프라인을 개발했습니다. 이 방법론은 확장 가능한 에이전트 사후 학습을 촉진하여 복잡한 상호작용 환경에서 일반화 및 지시 이행의 견고성을 크게 향상시킵니다.

Original Abstract

We introduce DeepSeek-V3.2, a model that harmonizes high computational efficiency with superior reasoning and agent performance. The key technical breakthroughs of DeepSeek-V3.2 are as follows: (1) DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA): We introduce DSA, an efficient attention mechanism that substantially reduces computational complexity while preserving model performance in long-context scenarios. (2) Scalable Reinforcement Learning Framework: By implementing a robust reinforcement learning protocol and scaling post-training compute, DeepSeek-V3.2 performs comparably to GPT-5. Notably, our high-compute variant, DeepSeek-V3.2-Speciale, surpasses GPT-5 and exhibits reasoning proficiency on par with Gemini-3.0-Pro, achieving gold-medal performance in both the 2025 International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) and the International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI). (3) Large-Scale Agentic Task Synthesis Pipeline: To integrate reasoning into tool-use scenarios, we developed a novel synthesis pipeline that systematically generates training data at scale. This methodology facilitates scalable agentic post-training, yielding substantial improvements in generalization and instruction-following robustness within complex, interactive environments.

222 Citations

26 Influential

9.5 Altmetric

321.5 Score

Original PDF

AI Analysis

Korean Summary

DeepSeek-V3.2는 높은 연산 효율성과 뛰어난 추론 및 에이전트 성능을 결합한 오픈 소스 대규모 언어 모델입니다. 이 모델은 긴 문맥 처리 시 연산 복잡도를 줄이기 위해 DeepSeek Sparse Attention(DSA) 메커니즘을 도입했으며, 사전 학습 비용의 10% 이상을 할당하는 대규모 강화 학습(RL) 프레임워크를 통해 성능을 극대화했습니다. 또한, 추론 능력을 도구 사용 시나리오에 통합하기 위해 대규모 에이전트 작업 합성 파이프라인을 개발했습니다. 특히 고성능 변형인 DeepSeek-V3.2-Speciale는 국제 수학 올림피아드(IMO)와 정보 올림피아드(IOI)에서 금메달 수준의 성과를 달성하며 GPT-5를 능가하고 Gemini-3.0-Pro와 대등한 성능을 입증했습니다.

Key Innovations

DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA): 긴 문맥 시나리오에서 성능 저하 없이 연산 복잡도를 대폭 줄이는 효율적인 어텐션 메커니즘
확장 가능한 강화 학습(RL) 프레임워크: Unbiased KL 추정 및 Off-Policy 시퀀스 마스킹 등을 통해 학습 안정성을 확보하고 포스트 트레이닝 연산을 대폭 확장
대규모 에이전트 작업 합성 파이프라인: 1,800개 이상의 환경과 85,000개의 프롬프트를 합성하여 에이전트의 일반화 및 지시 이행 능력 향상
도구 사용 내 생각(Thinking) 통합: 'Cold-Start' 방식과 컨텍스트 관리 전략을 통해 추론 과정과 도구 호출을 효과적으로 결합
DeepSeek-V3.2-Speciale: 추론 길이 제약을 완화하고 순수 추론 데이터로 학습하여 최상위권 벤치마크 성능을 달성한 고성능 변형 모델

Learning & Inference Impact

추론(Inference) 단계에서는 DSA를 통해 어텐션 연산의 복잡도를 O(L^2)에서 O(Lk)로 줄여, 긴 시퀀스(128K) 처리 시 비용과 지연 시간을 획기적으로 단축했습니다. 학습(Learning) 단계에서는 GRPO 알고리즘을 개선(Unbiased KL Estimate, Off-Policy Masking 등)하여 대규모 RL 학습 시 발생하는 불안정성을 해결하고, 모델이 자체 생성한 데이터와 합성된 에이전트 데이터를 통해 도구 사용 및 복잡한 추론 능력을 강화했습니다. 이를 통해 오픈 소스 모델임에도 불구하고 독점적 최첨단 모델들과의 성능 격차를 크게 좁히거나 능가하는 결과를 얻었습니다.

Technical Difficulty

고급

Estimated implementation complexity based on methodology.

댓글을 작성하려면 로그인하세요.

아직 댓글이 없습니다. 첫 번째 댓글을 남겨보세요!