2606.06360v1 Jun 04, 2026 cs.AI

An Infectious Disease Spread Simulation Based on Large Language Model Decision Making

Yonchanok Khaokaew
Yonchanok Khaokaew
Citations: 49
h-index: 5
Ruochen Kong
Ruochen Kong
Citations: 229
h-index: 3
Andreas Zufle
Andreas Zufle
Citations: 49
h-index: 3
Hao Xue
Hao Xue
Citations: 329
h-index: 10
Taylor Anderson
Taylor Anderson
Citations: 47
h-index: 4
C. R. MacIntyre
C. R. MacIntyre
Citations: 153
h-index: 6
Matthew Scotch
Matthew Scotch
Citations: 9
h-index: 1
F. Salim
F. Salim
Citations: 499
h-index: 11
David Heslop
David Heslop
Citations: 35
h-index: 2

Modelling individual decision-making during infectious disease outbreaks is crucial for understanding behavioural dynamics and informing effective public health interventions. Prior work has shown that large language models can simulate realistic human behaviour by generating agent decisions based on demographic prompts and situational context. We build on this foundation with a spatially grounded, agent-based simulation framework that integrates LLM-generated decisions about self-reported influenza-like illness into a census-based synthetic population of agents. Location is treated as a central feature: agents are assigned to spatial units within cities, capturing the spatial distributions of different demographic groups using real-world census data and enabling geographically diverse behavioural modelling. We implement and compare three decision scenarios, independent reasoning, household influence, and message framing, and simulate self-reporting outcomes in San Francisco and Atlanta. Results reveal that income and education are the dominant drivers of reporting rate variation, with smaller but consistent effects from geography, LLM model choice, and message framing. Our framework generates synthetic data that captures both social and geographic heterogeneity, supporting spatial epidemiological modelling and bias-aware behavioural analysis.

0 Citations
0 Influential
5.5 Altmetric
27.5 Score
Original PDF

No Analysis Report Yet

This paper hasn't been analyzed by Gemini yet.

Log in to request an AI analysis.

댓글

댓글을 작성하려면 로그인하세요.

아직 댓글이 없습니다. 첫 번째 댓글을 남겨보세요!